Author: Avery Lombardi, MSc | Reviewed by: Dr. Rebecca Fernandez, MBBS
If you live with ADHD and find it hard to set or stick to goals, it’s not a lack of willpower — it’s part of how ADHD affects the brain’s executive functions. These are the mental processes that help with planning, motivation, focus and follow-through. According to NHS guidance and NICE recommendations, ADHD can make it harder to translate ideas into practical steps and maintain motivation over time.
Understanding how ADHD affects goal setting
Adults with ADHD often struggle with initiating and sustaining effort because of differences in dopamine signalling and prefrontal cortex activity. These areas help the brain organise tasks, prioritise actions and maintain momentum. When they work less efficiently, goals can feel overwhelming or quickly lose appeal once the initial interest fades. Studies published in Frontiers in Neuroanatomy and PLoS One confirm that ADHD is linked to reduced functional connectivity in regions responsible for planning and goal-directed behaviour.
Practical strategies for improving follow-through
NHS and Mayo Clinic advice emphasise using visual planners, breaking goals into smaller steps and setting clear deadlines. Cognitive behavioural therapy (CBT) and ADHD coaching can help develop realistic goal-setting frameworks and improve consistency. Private services like ADHD Certify offer structured assessments and follow-up care in line with NICE guidance, helping people build confidence and sustain progress.
Key takeaway
Goal setting is especially challenging with ADHD because of how the brain regulates attention and motivation. With structured planning, therapeutic support and consistent external cues, it’s possible to build achievable habits and follow through with greater clarity and focus.
Avery Lombardi, MSc
Author
Avery Lombardi is a clinical psychologist with a Master’s in Clinical Psychology and a Bachelor’s in Psychology. She has professional experience in psychological assessment, evidence-based therapy, and research, working with both child and adult populations. Avery has provided clinical services in hospital, educational, and community settings, delivering interventions such as CBT, DBT, and tailored treatment plans for conditions including anxiety, depression, and developmental disorders. She has also contributed to research on self-stigma, self-esteem, and medication adherence in psychotic patients, and has created educational content on ADHD, treatment options, and daily coping strategies.
All qualifications and professional experience stated above are authentic and verified by our editorial team. However, pseudonym and image likeness are used to protect the author's privacy.
Dr. Rebecca Fernandez, MBBS
Reviewer
Dr. Rebecca Fernandez is a UK-trained physician with an MBBS and experience in general surgery, cardiology, internal medicine, gynecology, intensive care, and emergency medicine. She has managed critically ill patients, stabilised acute trauma cases, and provided comprehensive inpatient and outpatient care. In psychiatry, Dr. Fernandez has worked with psychotic, mood, anxiety, and substance use disorders, applying evidence-based approaches such as CBT, ACT, and mindfulness-based therapies. Her skills span patient assessment, treatment planning, and the integration of digital health solutions to support mental well-being.
All qualifications and professional experience stated above are authentic and verified by our editorial team. However, pseudonym and image likeness are used to protect the reviewer's privacy.
