Are there biomarkers associated with hyperactivity in ADHD?

PostedAugust 22, 2025

UpdatedSeptember 5, 2025

ByMy Patient Advice

Author: Victoria Rowe, MSc | Reviewed by: Dr. Rebecca Fernandez, MBBS

Researchers are increasingly interested in ADHD biomarkers for measurable biological factors that could help diagnose and understand the disorder. So far, evidence suggests there are certain biological markers and hyperactivity indicators that correlate with ADHD symptoms, but no single test is definitive.

These potential ADHD biomarkers include genetic variations, differences in brain activity patterns, and even levels of specific neurotransmitters. Identifying reliable markers could improve early diagnosis and guide personalised treatment plans, though more research is needed before they become routine clinical tools.

Promising Biomarkers to Watch

Below are some of the key biological indicators being explored and how they might inform treatment:

Dopamine Transporter Levels

People with ADHD often have altered dopamine transporter density, affecting how the brain processes reward and motivation. Medications like stimulants target this system directly to restore balance.

EEG Patterns

Electroencephalograms sometimes reveal unusual brain wave patterns, particularly elevated theta activity, which is linked to inattention and hyperactivity. Neurofeedback therapy has shown promise in modifying these patterns.

Genetic Variants

Certain gene variations, such as those in DRD4 and DAT1, are associated with higher ADHD risk and hyperactive behaviour. Understanding these can help tailor behavioural therapies and manage expectations.

While these hyperactivity indicators are not yet sufficient for diagnosis on their own, they enhance our understanding of ADHD and contribute to the development of more precise and effective care. Visit providers like ADHD Certify for personal consultations and advice on current diagnostic options.

For a deeper dive into the science, diagnosis, and full treatment landscape, read our complete guide to Hyperactivity.

Victoria Rowe, MSc

Author

Victoria Rowe is a health psychologist with a Master’s in Health Psychology and a BS in Applied Psychology. She has experience as a school psychologist, conducting behavioural assessments, developing individualized education plans (IEPs), and supporting children’s mental health. Dr. Rowe has contributed to peer-reviewed research on mental health, including studies on anxiety disorders and the impact of COVID-19 on healthcare systems. Skilled in SPSS, Minitab, and academic writing, she is committed to advancing psychological knowledge and promoting well-being through evidence-based practice.

All qualifications and professional experience stated above are authentic and verified by our editorial team. However, pseudonym and image likeness are used to protect the author's privacy.

Dr. Rebecca Fernandez, MBBS

Reviewer

Dr. Rebecca Fernandez is a UK-trained physician with an MBBS and experience in general surgery, cardiology, internal medicine, gynecology, intensive care, and emergency medicine. She has managed critically ill patients, stabilised acute trauma cases, and provided comprehensive inpatient and outpatient care. In psychiatry, Dr. Fernandez has worked with psychotic, mood, anxiety, and substance use disorders, applying evidence-based approaches such as CBT, ACT, and mindfulness-based therapies. Her skills span patient assessment, treatment planning, and the integration of digital health solutions to support mental well-being.

All qualifications and professional experience stated above are authentic and verified by our editorial team. However, pseudonym and image likeness are used to protect the reviewer's privacy.