How Does Epilepsy Affect Attention and Behavior in ADHD? 

Epilepsy and ADHD are two conditions that can significantly impact an individual’s cognitive function and behaviour. While they are distinct disorders, epilepsy is characterised by recurrent seizures that can sometimes exacerbate attention and behaviour issues in individuals with ADHD.  

Epilepsy and ADHD Symptoms 

Epilepsy, particularly when seizures are not well-controlled, can directly affect a person’s attention span and impulsivity. Seizures, even if they are not visibly dramatic (such as absence seizures), can disrupt normal brain activity and impair cognitive functions, including concentration, memory, and processing speed. For individuals with ADHD, who already struggle with attention regulation and impulsivity, these seizure-related disturbances can intensify existing symptoms, making it even harder to focus or complete tasks. 

Moreover, some medications used to treat epilepsy can have side effects that influence cognitive function and mood. Certain antiepileptic drugs (AEDs) may cause fatigue, cognitive slowing, or irritability, which can further complicate the treatment of ADHD.  

Cognitive Impact of Epilepsy on ADHD 

The cognitive impact of epilepsy, especially if seizures are frequent or occur over a long period. It can lead to long-term difficulties with learning, memory, and attention. These challenges can overlap with the attention issues already present in ADHD, making it crucial for clinicians to assess both conditions when symptoms like inattention, impulsivity, or academic struggles arise. 

Epilepsy and ADHD can interact in ways that complicate the management of both conditions. Seizures can exacerbate attention and behaviour difficulties, and medications for epilepsy can have cognitive impact.  

Visit providers like ADHD Certify for personal consultations and expert guidance tailored to your unique situation. 

For a deeper dive into the science, diagnosis, and full treatment landscape, read our complete guide to Differential Diagnosis of ADHD. 

Avery Lombardi, MSc

Author

Avery Lombardi is a clinical psychologist with a Master’s in Clinical Psychology and a Bachelor’s in Psychology. She has professional experience in psychological assessment, evidence-based therapy, and research, working with both child and adult populations. Avery has provided clinical services in hospital, educational, and community settings, delivering interventions such as CBT, DBT, and tailored treatment plans for conditions including anxiety, depression, and developmental disorders. She has also contributed to research on self-stigma, self-esteem, and medication adherence in psychotic patients, and has created educational content on ADHD, treatment options, and daily coping strategies.

All qualifications and professional experience stated above are authentic and verified by our editorial team. However, pseudonym and image likeness are used to protect the author's privacy. 

Dr. Rebecca Fernandez, MBBS

Reviewer

Dr. Rebecca Fernandez is a UK-trained physician with an MBBS and experience in general surgery, cardiology, internal medicine, gynecology, intensive care, and emergency medicine. She has managed critically ill patients, stabilised acute trauma cases, and provided comprehensive inpatient and outpatient care. In psychiatry, Dr. Fernandez has worked with psychotic, mood, anxiety, and substance use disorders, applying evidence-based approaches such as CBT, ACT, and mindfulness-based therapies. Her skills span patient assessment, treatment planning, and the integration of digital health solutions to support mental well-being.

All qualifications and professional experience stated above are authentic and verified by our editorial team. However, pseudonym and image likeness are used to protect the reviewer's privacy.