What Are the Key Differences Between ADHD and Reactive Attachment Disorder? 

ADHD vs RAD (Reactive Attachment Disorder) are two distinct conditions that can present with similar symptoms, such as impulsivity, emotional dysregulation, and difficulty with social interactions. However, the underlying causes, diagnostic criteria, and treatment approaches for these two disorders differ significantly. Understanding the symptom comparison between ADHD vs RAD is essential for accurate diagnosis and effective intervention. 

Key Differences in Symptoms 

ADHD is primarily a neurodevelopmental disorder characterised by persistent inattention, hyperactivity, and impulsivity. Individuals with ADHD typically have difficulty focusing, following instructions, and regulating their impulses, often in various settings (home, school, work).  

Reactive Attachment Disorder (RAD) is a result of emotional neglect or trauma during infancy or early childhood, typically caused by insufficient or inconsistent caregiving. Children with RAD often have difficulty forming emotional connections and may display withdrawn, detached, or overly aggressive behaviours.  

Behavioral and Emotional Differences 

While children with ADHD may be impulsive or act out, their behaviour is typically unintentional and linked to difficulties in attention. In contrast, children with RAD may engage in manipulative or intentionally disruptive behaviours, often in response to their attachment issues. RAD behaviours stem from a lack of trust or fear of abandonment, which influences the child’s emotional responses and interactions with others. 

In summary, the key differences between ADHD vs RAD lie in their causes, symptom manifestations, and treatment strategies. ADHD is related to attention and impulse control difficulties, while RAD is rooted in attachment disruptions and emotional neglect.  

Visit providers like ADHD Certify for personal consultations and expert guidance tailored to your unique situation. 

For a deeper dive into the science, diagnosis, and full treatment landscape, read our complete guide to Differential Diagnosis of ADHD.

Avery Lombardi, MSc

Author

Avery Lombardi is a clinical psychologist with a Master’s in Clinical Psychology and a Bachelor’s in Psychology. She has professional experience in psychological assessment, evidence-based therapy, and research, working with both child and adult populations. Avery has provided clinical services in hospital, educational, and community settings, delivering interventions such as CBT, DBT, and tailored treatment plans for conditions including anxiety, depression, and developmental disorders. She has also contributed to research on self-stigma, self-esteem, and medication adherence in psychotic patients, and has created educational content on ADHD, treatment options, and daily coping strategies.

All qualifications and professional experience stated above are authentic and verified by our editorial team. However, pseudonym and image likeness are used to protect the author's privacy. 

Dr. Rebecca Fernandez, MBBS

Reviewer

Dr. Rebecca Fernandez is a UK-trained physician with an MBBS and experience in general surgery, cardiology, internal medicine, gynecology, intensive care, and emergency medicine. She has managed critically ill patients, stabilised acute trauma cases, and provided comprehensive inpatient and outpatient care. In psychiatry, Dr. Fernandez has worked with psychotic, mood, anxiety, and substance use disorders, applying evidence-based approaches such as CBT, ACT, and mindfulness-based therapies. Her skills span patient assessment, treatment planning, and the integration of digital health solutions to support mental well-being.

All qualifications and professional experience stated above are authentic and verified by our editorial team. However, pseudonym and image likeness are used to protect the reviewer's privacy.