How the Diagnostic Criteria of Reactive Attachment Disorder Differ from Those of ADHD 

The ADHD vs RAD diagnostic criteria are distinct, reflecting the different underlying causes and symptoms of ADHD and RAD. Both conditions affect behaviour and emotional regulation, but their diagnostic features and the criteria outlined in the DSM-5 are separate.  

ADHD Diagnostic Criteria 

For ADHD, the DSM criteria focus on inattention, hyperactivity, and impulsivity that persist for at least six months and occur across multiple settings, such as home, school, or work. These behaviours must significantly impair daily functioning and development, and the symptoms typically arise from neurodevelopmental issues rather than emotional attachment difficulties. 

RAD Diagnostic Criteria 

In contrast, RAD is diagnosed based on attachment difficulties stemming from early neglect or trauma. The DSM criteria for RAD specify that children must exhibit emotional withdrawal from caregivers, a lack of reciprocal emotional interactions, and difficulty forming trust-based relationships. These behaviours are deeply rooted in disturbed attachment experiences, which differentiate RAD from ADHD. RAD is specifically linked to relational and emotional challenges, rather than attention deficits. 

In conclusion, both ADHD vs RAD diagnostic criteria can involve behavioural issues like impulsivity and emotional dysregulation, the ADHD diagnostic criteria focus on cognitive and behavioural symptoms, while the RAD diagnostic features are centred on emotional attachment and relational difficulties. 

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For a deeper dive into the science, diagnosis, and full treatment landscape, read our complete guide to Differential Diagnosis of ADHD.