How Do the Causes of Reactive Attachment Disorder Differ from Those of ADHD?

PostedAugust 29, 2025

UpdatedSeptember 8, 2025

ByMy Patient Advice

Author: Avery Lombardi, MSc | Reviewed by: Dr. Rebecca Fernandez, MBBS

The causes of ADHD and RAD are fundamentally different, as these two conditions have distinct origins and developmental pathways.

Causes of ADHD

ADHD is primarily a neurodevelopmental disorder, with genetic factors playing a key role in its development. Studies show that ADHD runs in families, indicating a hereditary link. Environmental factors, such as prenatal exposure to toxins or lead, may also contribute to the development of ADHD. The condition is associated with brain function and neurotransmitter imbalances, particularly in areas that control attention, impulse control, and executive function.

Causes of RAD

In contrast, the causes of RAD are deeply rooted in trauma origins and early childhood experiences. RAD typically results from emotional neglect, abuse, or inconsistent caregiving during infancy or early childhood, particularly during the first few years of life when attachment to caregivers is crucial for healthy emotional development. The disorder occurs when a child’s emotional and social needs are not met, leading to difficulties forming secure attachments and trust with others.

Developmental History Differences

While ADHD is linked to neurodevelopmental factors, RAD arises from trauma and neglect in early life, making their developmental histories distinct. Understanding these differences is critical for accurate diagnosis and treatment.

In conclusion, the causes of ADHD and RAD are fundamentally different. It is important to understand the root causes of these two disorders to develop effective plans.

Visit providers like ADHD Certify for personal consultations and expert guidance tailored to your unique situation.

For a deeper dive into the science, diagnosis, and full treatment landscape, read our complete guide to Differential Diagnosis of ADHD.

Avery Lombardi, MSc

Author

Avery Lombardi is a clinical psychologist with a Master’s in Clinical Psychology and a Bachelor’s in Psychology. She has professional experience in psychological assessment, evidence-based therapy, and research, working with both child and adult populations. Avery has provided clinical services in hospital, educational, and community settings, delivering interventions such as CBT, DBT, and tailored treatment plans for conditions including anxiety, depression, and developmental disorders. She has also contributed to research on self-stigma, self-esteem, and medication adherence in psychotic patients, and has created educational content on ADHD, treatment options, and daily coping strategies.

All qualifications and professional experience stated above are authentic and verified by our editorial team. However, pseudonym and image likeness are used to protect the author's privacy.

Dr. Rebecca Fernandez, MBBS

Reviewer

Dr. Rebecca Fernandez is a UK-trained physician with an MBBS and experience in general surgery, cardiology, internal medicine, gynecology, intensive care, and emergency medicine. She has managed critically ill patients, stabilised acute trauma cases, and provided comprehensive inpatient and outpatient care. In psychiatry, Dr. Fernandez has worked with psychotic, mood, anxiety, and substance use disorders, applying evidence-based approaches such as CBT, ACT, and mindfulness-based therapies. Her skills span patient assessment, treatment planning, and the integration of digital health solutions to support mental well-being.

All qualifications and professional experience stated above are authentic and verified by our editorial team. However, pseudonym and image likeness are used to protect the reviewer's privacy.