Can a Child Be Misdiagnosed with ADHD When They Actually Have RAD? 

Yes, it is possible that ADHD can be misdiagnosed as RAD. Both conditions share similar symptoms like impulsivity, emotional dysregulation, and attention difficulties, which can sometimes lead to diagnostic errors. However, the underlying causes of these behaviours are quite different, and identifying the true condition is crucial for effective treatment. 

ADHD Misdiagnosis as RAD 

Children with RAD may display behaviours that overlap with ADHD symptoms, such as inattention, hyperactivity, and impulsive actions. ADHD is primarily a neurodevelopmental disorder linked to attention regulation and impulsivity. In RAD, emotional reactions are often driven by fear of abandonment or difficulties in forming emotional bonds, whereas ADHD involves a chronic struggle with focus and impulse control, without the same emotional triggers. 

Why Misdiagnosis Happens 

Mental health misdiagnosis can occur when clinicians focus mainly on external behaviours like aggression or impulsivity, which are common to both disorders. RAD’s core issue lies in attachment and relational difficulties, which may not always be apparent without a detailed family history or trauma background. Without considering these emotional factors, a child could be incorrectly diagnosed with ADHD. 

ADHD misdiagnosis as RAD in children with RAD highlights the importance of considering attachment history and emotional regulation issues to ensure the right treatment. Proper diagnosis leads to more effective interventions and better outcomes. 

Visit providers like ADHD Certify for personal consultations and expert guidance tailored to your unique situation. 

For a deeper dive into the science, diagnosis, and full treatment landscape, read our complete guide to Differential Diagnosis of ADHD.

Avery Lombardi, MSc

Author

Avery Lombardi is a clinical psychologist with a Master’s in Clinical Psychology and a Bachelor’s in Psychology. She has professional experience in psychological assessment, evidence-based therapy, and research, working with both child and adult populations. Avery has provided clinical services in hospital, educational, and community settings, delivering interventions such as CBT, DBT, and tailored treatment plans for conditions including anxiety, depression, and developmental disorders. She has also contributed to research on self-stigma, self-esteem, and medication adherence in psychotic patients, and has created educational content on ADHD, treatment options, and daily coping strategies.

All qualifications and professional experience stated above are authentic and verified by our editorial team. However, pseudonym and image likeness are used to protect the author's privacy. 

Dr. Rebecca Fernandez, MBBS

Reviewer

Dr. Rebecca Fernandez is a UK-trained physician with an MBBS and experience in general surgery, cardiology, internal medicine, gynecology, intensive care, and emergency medicine. She has managed critically ill patients, stabilised acute trauma cases, and provided comprehensive inpatient and outpatient care. In psychiatry, Dr. Fernandez has worked with psychotic, mood, anxiety, and substance use disorders, applying evidence-based approaches such as CBT, ACT, and mindfulness-based therapies. Her skills span patient assessment, treatment planning, and the integration of digital health solutions to support mental well-being.

All qualifications and professional experience stated above are authentic and verified by our editorial team. However, pseudonym and image likeness are used to protect the reviewer's privacy.