How the Diagnostic Criteria of Reactive Attachment Disorder Differ from Those of ADHD 

The ADHD vs RAD diagnostic criteria are distinct, reflecting the different underlying causes and symptoms of ADHD and RAD. Both conditions affect behaviour and emotional regulation, but their diagnostic features and the criteria outlined in the DSM-5 are separate.  

ADHD Diagnostic Criteria 

For ADHD, the DSM criteria focus on inattention, hyperactivity, and impulsivity that persist for at least six months and occur across multiple settings, such as home, school, or work. These behaviours must significantly impair daily functioning and development, and the symptoms typically arise from neurodevelopmental issues rather than emotional attachment difficulties. 

RAD Diagnostic Criteria 

In contrast, RAD is diagnosed based on attachment difficulties stemming from early neglect or trauma. The DSM criteria for RAD specify that children must exhibit emotional withdrawal from caregivers, a lack of reciprocal emotional interactions, and difficulty forming trust-based relationships. These behaviours are deeply rooted in disturbed attachment experiences, which differentiate RAD from ADHD. RAD is specifically linked to relational and emotional challenges, rather than attention deficits. 

In conclusion, both ADHD vs RAD diagnostic criteria can involve behavioural issues like impulsivity and emotional dysregulation, the ADHD diagnostic criteria focus on cognitive and behavioural symptoms, while the RAD diagnostic features are centred on emotional attachment and relational difficulties. 

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For a deeper dive into the science, diagnosis, and full treatment landscape, read our complete guide to Differential Diagnosis of ADHD.

Avery Lombardi, MSc

Author

Avery Lombardi is a clinical psychologist with a Master’s in Clinical Psychology and a Bachelor’s in Psychology. She has professional experience in psychological assessment, evidence-based therapy, and research, working with both child and adult populations. Avery has provided clinical services in hospital, educational, and community settings, delivering interventions such as CBT, DBT, and tailored treatment plans for conditions including anxiety, depression, and developmental disorders. She has also contributed to research on self-stigma, self-esteem, and medication adherence in psychotic patients, and has created educational content on ADHD, treatment options, and daily coping strategies.

All qualifications and professional experience stated above are authentic and verified by our editorial team. However, pseudonym and image likeness are used to protect the author's privacy. 

Dr. Rebecca Fernandez, MBBS

Reviewer

Dr. Rebecca Fernandez is a UK-trained physician with an MBBS and experience in general surgery, cardiology, internal medicine, gynecology, intensive care, and emergency medicine. She has managed critically ill patients, stabilised acute trauma cases, and provided comprehensive inpatient and outpatient care. In psychiatry, Dr. Fernandez has worked with psychotic, mood, anxiety, and substance use disorders, applying evidence-based approaches such as CBT, ACT, and mindfulness-based therapies. Her skills span patient assessment, treatment planning, and the integration of digital health solutions to support mental well-being.

All qualifications and professional experience stated above are authentic and verified by our editorial team. However, pseudonym and image likeness are used to protect the reviewer's privacy.