How Is ADHD Distinguished from Bipolar Disorder in DSM-5? 

ADHD and bipolar disorder are often confused because they share overlapping symptoms, particularly in areas such as mood swings, impulsivity, and irritability. However, the DSM-5 provides clear guidelines to distinguish between these two conditions, ensuring accurate diagnosis and treatment. 

The primary difference between ADHD and bipolar disorder lies in the nature of the symptoms and their duration. In ADHD, symptoms like inattention, hyperactivity, and impulsivity are present consistently over time and are typically observed from childhood. These symptoms do not fluctuate dramatically, whereas in bipolar disorder, mood changes occur in distinct cycles, often with manic or hypomanic episodes, followed by depressive episodes. 

Mood disorders are a key component of bipolar disorder, characterised by extreme mood fluctuations, including periods of elevated mood (mania or hypomania) and periods of deep depression. In contrast, ADHD symptoms are primarily related to sustained difficulties with attention, focus, and behavioural control. The DSM-5 also notes that manic or hypomanic episodes in bipolar disorder must last at least one week, whereas ADHD symptoms are more chronic and pervasive. 

How It Helps 

Recognising the differences between ADHD and bipolar disorder is crucial for ensuring diagnosis clarity. Understanding the distinct features of each condition allows clinicians to develop more targeted treatment plans that address the specific needs of the individual, improving overall management of symptoms. 

Visit providers like ADHD Certify for personal consultations and expert advice tailored to your needs.   

For a deeper dive into the science, diagnosis, and full treatment landscape, read our complete guide to DSM-5 Diagnostic Guidelines.  

Harriet Winslow, BSc

Author

Harriet Winslow is a clinical psychologist with a Bachelor’s in Clinical Psychology and extensive experience in behaviour therapy and developmental disorders. She has worked with children and adolescents with ADHD, autism spectrum disorder (ASD), learning disabilities, and behavioural challenges, providing individual and group therapy using evidence-based approaches such as CBT and DBT. Dr. Winslow has developed and implemented personalised treatment plans, conducted formal and informal assessments, and delivered crisis intervention for clients in need of urgent mental health care. Her expertise spans assessment, treatment planning, and behavioural intervention for both neurodevelopmental and mental health conditions.

All qualifications and professional experience stated above are authentic and verified by our editorial team. However, pseudonym and image likeness are used to protect the author's privacy.

Dr. Rebecca Fernandez, MBBS

Reviewer

Dr. Rebecca Fernandez is a UK-trained physician with an MBBS and experience in general surgery, cardiology, internal medicine, gynecology, intensive care, and emergency medicine. She has managed critically ill patients, stabilised acute trauma cases, and provided comprehensive inpatient and outpatient care. In psychiatry, Dr. Fernandez has worked with psychotic, mood, anxiety, and substance use disorders, applying evidence-based approaches such as CBT, ACT, and mindfulness-based therapies. Her skills span patient assessment, treatment planning, and the integration of digital health solutions to support mental well-being.

All qualifications and professional experience stated above are authentic and verified by our editorial team. However, pseudonym and image likeness are used to protect the reviewer's privacy.