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What are the signs of imposter syndrome in adults with ADHD? 

Posted
Updated
ByMy Patient Advice
Author: Phoebe Carter, MSc | Reviewed by: Dr. Rebecca Fernandez, MBBS

Imposter syndrome in adults with ADHD is common and often leads to deep feelings of inadequacy, anxiety, and self-doubt. Research and clinical sources highlight key emotional, behavioral, and cognitive signs that can point to imposter feelings in ADHD, along with evidence-based strategies for addressing them. 

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Signs of emotional distress and anxiety 

Adults with ADHD often experience anxiety about new responsibilities, avoidance of recognition, and a reluctance to pursue opportunities due to a fear of being “found out” as incompetent. They may also engage in perfectionism or self-sabotaging behaviors, which often coexist with emotional dysregulation and mood swings (ADDitude; ADHD Centre). 

Cognitive markers of imposter syndrome 

Cognitively, adults with ADHD may ruminate on past mistakes, dismiss positive feedback, and interpret common executive function struggles (e.g., lateness, missed deadlines) as proof of being a “fraud” rather than recognizing these issues as symptoms of ADHD (Simply Psychology). This persistent negative self-talk reinforces the feeling of inadequacy. 

Low self-esteem and internalised doubt 

NHS and NICE guidance acknowledge that individuals with ADHD are more likely to struggle with low self-confidence and have difficulty internalizing successes, particularly when faced with chronic setbacks or negative feedback in work or social environments (HPFT NHS; NICE NG87). This feeling of being “not good enough” is a significant contributor to imposter syndrome. 

Social comparison and internalised stigma 

Peer-reviewed research shows that social comparison, internalized stigma, and unaddressed perfectionism commonly exacerbate imposter feelings in neurodivergent adults, increasing psychological distress and avoidance of success (NIH StatPearls; PubMed). The fear of being judged for perceived failures often leads to withdrawal from opportunities for growth or advancement. 

Coping strategies and overcoming imposter syndrome 

UK ADHD charities suggest reframing negative thoughts, using peer support, and developing self-awareness as key strategies for managing imposter feelings. Building self-compassion, celebrating strengths, and focusing on personal growth help counteract feelings of inadequacy and foster resilience in the face of ADHD-related challenges (ADHD Foundation; Counselling Directory). 

A brief note on assessment and support 

If imposter syndrome or low self-esteem are interfering with daily functioning, structured ADHD assessments may help clarify the root causes and provide targeted support. Services like ADHD Certify offer ADHD assessments for adults and children in the UK. 

Takeaway 

Imposter syndrome in adults with ADHD is a multifaceted issue that stems from emotional dysregulation, social comparison, and executive dysfunction. Recognizing the signs of imposter feelings and using evidence-based coping strategies can help break the cycle of self-doubt and foster a more empowered sense of self. 

Phoebe Carter, MSc
Author

Phoebe Carter is a clinical psychologist with a Master’s in Clinical Psychology and a Bachelor’s in Applied Psychology. She has experience working with both children and adults, conducting psychological assessments, developing individualized treatment plans, and delivering evidence-based therapies. Phoebe specialises in neurodevelopmental conditions such as autism spectrum disorder (ASD), ADHD, and learning disabilities, as well as mood, anxiety, psychotic, and personality disorders. She is skilled in CBT, behaviour modification, ABA, and motivational interviewing, and is dedicated to providing compassionate, evidence-based mental health care to individuals of all ages.

All qualifications and professional experience stated above are authentic and verified by our editorial team. However, pseudonym and image likeness are used to protect the author's privacy. 

Dr. Rebecca Fernandez, MBBS
Reviewer

Dr. Rebecca Fernandez is a UK-trained physician with an MBBS and experience in general surgery, cardiology, internal medicine, gynecology, intensive care, and emergency medicine. She has managed critically ill patients, stabilised acute trauma cases, and provided comprehensive inpatient and outpatient care. In psychiatry, Dr. Fernandez has worked with psychotic, mood, anxiety, and substance use disorders, applying evidence-based approaches such as CBT, ACT, and mindfulness-based therapies. Her skills span patient assessment, treatment planning, and the integration of digital health solutions to support mental well-being.

All qualifications and professional experience stated above are authentic and verified by our editorial team. However, pseudonym and image likeness are used to protect the reviewer's privacy. 

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