Can low APGAR scores at birth, which reflect complications, be linked to autism?

PostedNovember 28, 2025

UpdatedNovember 28, 2025

ByMy Patient Advice

Author: Lucia Alvarez, MSc | Reviewed by: Dr. Rebecca Fernandez, MBBS

Low APGAR scores at birth are often seen as immediate indicators of a newborn’s physical health and may suggest early complications. Increasingly, researchers are exploring whether there’s a low APGAR autism link, particularly when scores reflect neonatal distress that might affect early brain development.

Understanding APGAR and Its Significance

The APGAR score is assessed at one and five minutes after birth, measuring a newborn’s heart rate, breathing, muscle tone, reflex response and skin colour. A low score typically points to birth complications, such as poor oxygenation or distress during delivery, which may lead to closer monitoring and medical intervention.

The Link Between Low Scores and Autism

Studies have suggested a possible low APGAR autism link, especially when low scores persist at the five-minute mark. These infants may be more likely to experience oxygen deprivation, inflammation, or other complications that could disrupt neurodevelopment during a critical window.

Such early stressors might not cause autism directly, but they could serve as early indicators of increased risk in genetically or environmentally susceptible infants.

Early Detection and Support

While a low APGAR score alone does not predict autism, it can be a helpful signal for clinicians to initiate closer developmental surveillance. Understanding the low APGAR autism link enables families and providers to act promptly when other signs emerge.

Visit providers like Autism Detect for personal consultations and further guidance on screening and support.

For a deeper dive into the science, diagnosis, and full treatment landscape, read our complete guide to Birth Complications and Low Birth Weight.

Lucia Alvarez, MSc

Author

Lucia Alvarez is a clinical psychologist with a Master’s in Clinical Psychology and extensive experience providing evidence-based therapy and psychological assessment to children, adolescents, and adults. Skilled in CBT, DBT, and other therapeutic interventions, she has worked in hospital, community, and residential care settings. Her expertise includes grief counseling, anxiety management, and resilience-building, with a strong focus on creating safe, supportive environments to improve mental well-being.

All qualifications and professional experience stated above are authentic and verified by our editorial team. However, pseudonym and image likeness are used to protect the author's privacy.

Dr. Rebecca Fernandez, MBBS

Reviewer

Dr. Rebecca Fernandez is a UK-trained physician with an MBBS and experience in general surgery, cardiology, internal medicine, gynecology, intensive care, and emergency medicine. She has managed critically ill patients, stabilised acute trauma cases, and provided comprehensive inpatient and outpatient care. In psychiatry, Dr. Fernandez has worked with psychotic, mood, anxiety, and substance use disorders, applying evidence-based approaches such as CBT, ACT, and mindfulness-based therapies. Her skills span patient assessment, treatment planning, and the integration of digital health solutions to support mental well-being.

All qualifications and professional experience stated above are authentic and verified by our editorial team. However, pseudonym and image likeness are used to protect the reviewer's privacy.