What are the effects of vitamin A deficiency on vision and immune function in autism?

PostedNovember 27, 2025

UpdatedNovember 27, 2025

ByMy Patient Advice

Author: Beatrice Holloway, MSc | Reviewed by: Dr. Rebecca Fernandez, MBBS

Research highlights that vitamin A deficiency in autism can have far-reaching consequences, particularly for physical wellbeing. This essential nutrient supports both eyesight and the immune system, meaning a lack of it may lead to challenges with visual clarity and a reduced ability to fight infections. Autistic individuals, who may have selective diets or nutrient absorption issues, can therefore be especially vulnerable to deficiencies.

Vitamin A plays a dual role: it helps maintain the retina for proper visual processing, while also regulating immune responses to protect the body against illness. When levels are too low, children and adults may experience recurring infections, alongside difficulties related to low-light vision. Recognising these risks early allows families and clinicians to provide dietary adjustments or supplementation to prevent complications.

Key signs to look for

Understanding the warning signs of deficiency can support earlier intervention.

Night vision difficulties

Struggling to see clearly in dim light may be an early indicator of insufficient vitamin A.

Increased susceptibility to illness

A weakened immune response often means more frequent colds, infections, or slower recovery times.

Dry or irritated eyes

Discomfort in the eyes can reflect a lack of protective lubrication, often linked to vitamin A shortage.

Addressing these signs through nutritional planning can improve quality of life and reduce preventable health challenges for autistic individuals.

Visit providers like Autism Detect for personal consultations.

For a deeper dive into the science, diagnosis, and full treatment landscape, read our complete guide to nutritional deficiencies.

Beatrice Holloway, MSc

Author

Beatrice Holloway is a clinical psychologist with a Master’s in Clinical Psychology and a BS in Applied Psychology. She specialises in CBT, psychological testing, and applied behaviour therapy, working with children with autism spectrum disorder (ASD), developmental delays, and learning disabilities, as well as adults with bipolar disorder, schizophrenia, anxiety, OCD, and substance use disorders. Holloway creates personalised treatment plans to support emotional regulation, social skills, and academic progress in children, and delivers evidence-based therapy to improve mental health and well-being across all ages.

All qualifications and professional experience stated above are authentic and verified by our editorial team. However, pseudonym and image likeness are used to protect the author's privacy.

Dr. Rebecca Fernandez, MBBS

Reviewer

Dr. Rebecca Fernandez is a UK-trained physician with an MBBS and experience in general surgery, cardiology, internal medicine, gynecology, intensive care, and emergency medicine. She has managed critically ill patients, stabilised acute trauma cases, and provided comprehensive inpatient and outpatient care. In psychiatry, Dr. Fernandez has worked with psychotic, mood, anxiety, and substance use disorders, applying evidence-based approaches such as CBT, ACT, and mindfulness-based therapies. Her skills span patient assessment, treatment planning, and the integration of digital health solutions to support mental well-being.

All qualifications and professional experience stated above are authentic and verified by our editorial team. However, pseudonym and image likeness are used to protect the reviewer's privacy.