Are Autism Subtypes Included in ICD-11?

PostedNovember 15, 2025

UpdatedDecember 4, 2025

ByMy Patient Advice

Author: Lucia Alvarez, MSc | Reviewed by: Dr. Rebecca Fernandez, MBBS

No, ICD-11 autism subtypes are not categorised separately. The ICD-11 has moved away from defining specific subtypes of autism, instead recognising the condition as a spectrum. This change reflects a shift towards understanding autism as a range of related conditions that share common traits, rather than a set of distinct subtypes. Instead of separating autism into multiple subtypes, the ICD-11 focuses on the severity of symptoms and the level of support required for each individual.

Autism Classification in ICD-11

Here’s how the ICD-11 autism classification works:

ICD-11 Types

Under ICD-11, all forms of autism, including those previously classified as Asperger’s Syndrome and PDD-NOS (Pervasive Developmental Disorder-Not Otherwise Specified), are grouped under the broader category of autism spectrum disorder (ASD). This change removes the need to classify autism into subtypes based on specific behaviours or intellectual abilities, such as “classic” autism or Asperger’s.

Neurodiversity

The ICD-11 reflects the understanding of neurodiversity, recognising that autism manifests differently in each individual. Rather than focusing on rigid categories, it emphasizes the diversity of experiences and the wide range of needs within the autism spectrum. This approach promotes a more inclusive view of autism, acknowledging the variations in communication styles, behaviours, and sensory processing.

By grouping all types of autism under one umbrella term, the ICD-11 ensures a more flexible and comprehensive approach to autism diagnosis, which can be more inclusive of the neurodiverse community.

For a deeper dive into ICD-11 autism subtypes and how the latest changes affect the diagnosis and treatment of autism, visit providers like Autism Detect, who offer expert guidance and consultations tailored to individual needs.

For a deeper dive into the science, diagnosis, and full treatment landscape, read our complete guide to Autism Diagnostic Criteria (DSM-5, ICD-11).

Lucia Alvarez, MSc

Author

Lucia Alvarez is a clinical psychologist with a Master’s in Clinical Psychology and extensive experience providing evidence-based therapy and psychological assessment to children, adolescents, and adults. Skilled in CBT, DBT, and other therapeutic interventions, she has worked in hospital, community, and residential care settings. Her expertise includes grief counseling, anxiety management, and resilience-building, with a strong focus on creating safe, supportive environments to improve mental well-being.

All qualifications and professional experience stated above are authentic and verified by our editorial team. However, pseudonym and image likeness are used to protect the author's privacy.

Dr. Rebecca Fernandez, MBBS

Reviewer

Dr. Rebecca Fernandez is a UK-trained physician with an MBBS and experience in general surgery, cardiology, internal medicine, gynecology, intensive care, and emergency medicine. She has managed critically ill patients, stabilised acute trauma cases, and provided comprehensive inpatient and outpatient care. In psychiatry, Dr. Fernandez has worked with psychotic, mood, anxiety, and substance use disorders, applying evidence-based approaches such as CBT, ACT, and mindfulness-based therapies. Her skills span patient assessment, treatment planning, and the integration of digital health solutions to support mental well-being.

All qualifications and professional experience stated above are authentic and verified by our editorial team. However, pseudonym and image likeness are used to protect the reviewer's privacy.