Can Autism ADOS-2 Distinguish ADHD?

PostedNovember 11, 2025

UpdatedNovember 11, 2025

ByMy Patient Advice

Author: Lucia Alvarez, MSc | Reviewed by: Dr. Rebecca Fernandez, MBBS

Yes, ADOS-2 and ADHD differentiation can be challenging, but ADOS-2 can provide valuable insights into distinguishing autism spectrum disorder (ASD) from attention-deficit/hyperactivity disorder (ADHD). While both conditions share some similar behaviours, such as social difficulties and challenges with attention, the ADOS-2 focuses specifically on autism-related traits like communication difficulties, restricted interests, and repetitive behaviours, which can help clinicians differentiate between the two.

How ADOS-2 Assists in ADHD and Autism Differentiation

Here’s how ADOS-2 and ADHD differentiation is achieved:

Comorbidity:

ADOS-2 and ADHD differentiation can sometimes be difficult because these two conditions often co-occur. Children with both ASD and ADHD may present with overlapping symptoms, such as impulsivity or social difficulties. However, ADOS-2 can help identify the distinct characteristics of autism, such as specific communication challenges or rigid behavioural patterns, that are not typically seen in ADHD.

Differential Diagnosis:

ADOS-2 is an important tool in differential diagnosis. It helps clinicians assess the core symptoms of autism, such as social interaction and communication deficits, and contrasts them with the behaviours commonly associated with ADHD, such as hyperactivity and inattention. This process helps ensure an accurate diagnosis and guide appropriate treatment options.

Symptom Overlap:

There is a significant symptom overlap between autism and ADHD, making diagnosis tricky. The ADOS-2 provides a more structured and focused approach to identifying autism-specific traits, which can help differentiate it from the behaviours typically associated with ADHD, leading to a clearer diagnosis.

For more information on ADOS-2 and ADHD differentiation, visit providers like Autism Detect, who can help navigate the complexities of diagnosis and offer tailored guidance.

For a deeper dive into the science, diagnosis, and full treatment landscape, read our complete guide to Autism Diagnostic Tools (e.g., ADOS-2, ADI-R).

Lucia Alvarez, MSc

Author

Lucia Alvarez is a clinical psychologist with a Master’s in Clinical Psychology and extensive experience providing evidence-based therapy and psychological assessment to children, adolescents, and adults. Skilled in CBT, DBT, and other therapeutic interventions, she has worked in hospital, community, and residential care settings. Her expertise includes grief counseling, anxiety management, and resilience-building, with a strong focus on creating safe, supportive environments to improve mental well-being.

All qualifications and professional experience stated above are authentic and verified by our editorial team. However, pseudonym and image likeness are used to protect the author's privacy.

Dr. Rebecca Fernandez, MBBS

Reviewer

Dr. Rebecca Fernandez is a UK-trained physician with an MBBS and experience in general surgery, cardiology, internal medicine, gynecology, intensive care, and emergency medicine. She has managed critically ill patients, stabilised acute trauma cases, and provided comprehensive inpatient and outpatient care. In psychiatry, Dr. Fernandez has worked with psychotic, mood, anxiety, and substance use disorders, applying evidence-based approaches such as CBT, ACT, and mindfulness-based therapies. Her skills span patient assessment, treatment planning, and the integration of digital health solutions to support mental well-being.

All qualifications and professional experience stated above are authentic and verified by our editorial team. However, pseudonym and image likeness are used to protect the reviewer's privacy.