How Does Difficulty with Abstract Thinking Manifest in Autism? 

Difficulty with abstract thinking in autism refers to challenges in understanding concepts that are not directly observable or concrete. While individuals with autism may excel in tasks that require problem-solving with tangible or specific details, they often struggle with ideas that are abstract or hypothetical. This difficulty can impact comprehension of complex ideas, such as emotions, hypothetical situations, or non-literal language. 

For example, understanding metaphorical phrases like “a blessing in disguise” or grasping the idea of future possibilities might be challenging for someone with autism. This can affect their ability to engage in more dynamic or abstract conversations, which can further complicate social interactions and learning. 

How Difficulty with Abstract Thinking Manifests in Autism 

The following are common ways in which difficulty with abstract thinking in autism can manifest: 

Challenges in Problem-Solving  

Individuals may find it difficult to solve problems that don’t have a clear, immediate solution. They may struggle with scenarios that require thinking beyond the present or looking at the bigger picture. Techniques like Cognitive Behavioural Therapy (CBT) can help individuals build strategies to approach abstract problems by breaking them into smaller, more manageable steps. 

Struggles with Comprehension of Abstract Concepts  

Children and adults with autism might find it hard to understand abstract ideas like time, emotions, or hypothetical scenarios. This can lead to difficulties in subjects like literature, history, or even social interactions. Structured interventions, including Applied Behaviour Analysis (ABA), can help individuals develop a better understanding of abstract concepts through visual aids and real-world examples. 

For more tailored support, consider visiting providers like Autism Detect for personal consultations on managing difficulty with abstract thinking in autism. 

For a deeper dive into the science, diagnosis, and full treatment landscape, read our complete guide to Literal Thinking and Difficulty with Abstract Concepts.

Hannah Smith, MSc

Author

Hannah Smith is a clinical psychologist with a Master’s in Clinical Psychology and over three years of experience in behaviour therapy, special education, and inclusive practices. She specialises in Applied Behavior Analysis (ABA), Cognitive Behavioural Therapy (CBT), and inclusive education strategies. Hannah has worked extensively with children and adults with Autism Spectrum Disorder (ASD), ADHD, Down syndrome, and intellectual disabilities, delivering evidence-based interventions to support development, mental health, and well-being.

All qualifications and professional experience stated above are authentic and verified by our editorial team. However, pseudonym and image likeness are used to protect the author's privacy. 

Dr. Rebecca Fernandez, MBBS

Reviewer

Dr. Rebecca Fernandez is a UK-trained physician with an MBBS and experience in general surgery, cardiology, internal medicine, gynecology, intensive care, and emergency medicine. She has managed critically ill patients, stabilised acute trauma cases, and provided comprehensive inpatient and outpatient care. In psychiatry, Dr. Fernandez has worked with psychotic, mood, anxiety, and substance use disorders, applying evidence-based approaches such as CBT, ACT, and mindfulness-based therapies. Her skills span patient assessment, treatment planning, and the integration of digital health solutions to support mental well-being.

All qualifications and professional experience stated above are authentic and verified by our editorial team. However, pseudonym and image likeness are used to protect the reviewer's privacy.