What Imaging Findings Differentiate ADHD Subtypes?

PostedOctober 6, 2025

UpdatedOctober 6, 2025

ByMy Patient Advice

Author: Phoebe Carter, MSc | Reviewed by: Dr. Rebecca Fernandez, MBBS

ADHD subtypes brain imaging studies have revealed important differences in brain activity and structure that help differentiate between the two primary ADHD subtypes, inattentive vs hyperactive. Research using MRI and functional scans has shown that these subtypes exhibit distinct patterns of brain function, which can explain the unique symptoms of each.

For example, individuals with the inattentive subtype tend to show less activation in brain regions associated with attention and focus, such as the prefrontal cortex. On the other hand, those with the hyperactive subtype often have irregular activity in areas related to motor control and inhibition, like the basal ganglia and cerebellum. These differences help clarify why people with ADHD experience symptoms differently depending on their subtype.

Key Imaging Findings for Each ADHD Subtype

Understanding the brain regions involved in each subtype helps explain the specific symptoms people experience. Below are some common imaging findings associated with the inattentive and hyperactive subtypes:

Inattentive ADHD Subtype

Individuals with this subtype often struggle with focus, organisation, and following through on tasks. MRI differences in the prefrontal cortex show lower activity in this area, leading to challenges in attention and executive function. Stimulant medication can increase activity in this region, while CBT helps individuals develop skills for better focus and task completion.

Hyperactive ADHD Subtype

The hyperactive subtype is characterised by impulsivity, excessive movement, and restlessness. Functional scans reveal irregularities in the basal ganglia and cerebellum, which influence motor control and inhibition. Medication can help regulate these regions, while behavioural therapy teaches strategies to manage impulsivity and hyperactivity.

Visit providers like ADHD Certify for personal consultations to better understand how brain imaging can inform ADHD treatment.

For a deeper dive into the science, diagnosis, and full treatment landscape, read our complete guide to ADHD brain imaging findings.

Phoebe Carter, MSc

Author

Phoebe Carter is a clinical psychologist with a Master’s in Clinical Psychology and a Bachelor’s in Applied Psychology. She has experience working with both children and adults, conducting psychological assessments, developing individualized treatment plans, and delivering evidence-based therapies. Phoebe specialises in neurodevelopmental conditions such as autism spectrum disorder (ASD), ADHD, and learning disabilities, as well as mood, anxiety, psychotic, and personality disorders. She is skilled in CBT, behaviour modification, ABA, and motivational interviewing, and is dedicated to providing compassionate, evidence-based mental health care to individuals of all ages.

All qualifications and professional experience stated above are authentic and verified by our editorial team. However, pseudonym and image likeness are used to protect the author's privacy.

Dr. Rebecca Fernandez, MBBS

Reviewer

Dr. Rebecca Fernandez is a UK-trained physician with an MBBS and experience in general surgery, cardiology, internal medicine, gynecology, intensive care, and emergency medicine. She has managed critically ill patients, stabilised acute trauma cases, and provided comprehensive inpatient and outpatient care. In psychiatry, Dr. Fernandez has worked with psychotic, mood, anxiety, and substance use disorders, applying evidence-based approaches such as CBT, ACT, and mindfulness-based therapies. Her skills span patient assessment, treatment planning, and the integration of digital health solutions to support mental well-being.

All qualifications and professional experience stated above are authentic and verified by our editorial team. However, pseudonym and image likeness are used to protect the reviewer's privacy.