Are There Functional MRI (fMRI) Differences in ADHD? 

Yes, there are well-documented ADHD fMRI differences that show distinct patterns in how the brain functions during rest and task-based activity. Functional imaging helps researchers visualise neural activity in real time, revealing how different brain regions communicate, and how this may differ in people with ADHD. 

One of the most consistent findings is disrupted connectivity between the prefrontal cortex, basal ganglia, and the default mode network (DMN). For instance, individuals with ADHD often struggle to suppress the DMN when switching from rest to focused tasks, leading to lapses in attention. These functional imaging patterns provide important context for symptoms like distractibility, impulsiveness, and difficulties with sustained focus. 

Key Functional Brain Differences in ADHD 

Here are the most common fMRI findings in ADHD and what they suggest for symptom management and treatment. 

Reduced Prefrontal Activation During Tasks 

The prefrontal cortex, responsible for planning and self-control, often shows underactivation in individuals with ADHD. This is linked to poor decision-making and attention difficulties. Stimulant medication can boost activity in this area, while CBT helps develop compensatory strategies. 

Disrupted Connectivity Between Brain Regions 

Weakened connectivity between the executive function network and emotional centres leads to poor regulation and inconsistent focus. Treatment approaches like behavioural therapy and medication can improve these connections, supporting more stable cognitive and emotional function. 

Visit providers like ADHD Certify for personal consultations to better understand how brain imaging can inform ADHD treatment.

For a deeper dive into the science, diagnosis, and full treatment landscape, read our complete guide to ADHD brain imaging findings.