Does phonological processing link dyslexia and ADHD? 

Studies suggest that phonological processing dyslexia ADHD connections could explain part of the overlap between these two conditions. Phonological processing refers to the brain’s ability to recognise, manipulate, and recall the sounds within words. Deficits in this area are a hallmark of dyslexia and, for some individuals, can also be present in ADHD. This overlap contributes to the pattern of dyslexia ADHD phonological deficits seen in clinical assessments. 

Dyslexia typically involves persistent difficulties with reading accuracy, spelling, and decoding words. ADHD affects focus, organisation, and impulse control. The phonological processing ADHD dyslexia link is thought to be strongest in people whose attention difficulties interfere with early reading acquisition, making it harder to develop strong sound–symbol associations. Because sound awareness is central to comprehension, researchers often include language processing dyslexia ADHD studies when exploring these shared challenges. 

How Language Skills Tie the Two Conditions Together 

Phonological weaknesses can make it harder to store and retrieve sound-based information, which affects both reading and verbal working memory. This dual impact is one reason phonological processing dyslexia ADHD studies are of growing interest to researchers. 

Common Impacts of Phonological Processing Deficits 

When phonological processing difficulties appear in either or both conditions, certain challenges are more likely: 

Slow reading development  

Trouble matching sounds to letters can delay reading progress. Structured literacy approaches are essential for improvement. 

Poor spelling accuracy  

Inconsistent recall of word sounds affects spelling patterns. Repetitive, sound-based learning activities can help strengthen skills. 

Difficulty following spoken instructions  

Limited verbal working memory can cause misunderstandings. Breaking instructions into smaller steps supports better comprehension. 

Visit providers like ADHD Certify for personal consultations to assess both reading and attention skills. 

For a deeper dive into the science, diagnosis, and full treatment landscape, read our complete guide to Learning disabilities (e.g., dyslexia).